Unable to subscribe at this moment. (Source: Mikenorton) Wellington, at the southern tip of North Island, was declared a city in 1840, one year after the first Europeans arrived to purchase land; the city was declared New Zealand’s capital in 1865. The Wellington Fault is an active seismic fault in the southern part of the North Island of New Zealand. In order to proceed complete the captcha below. Wairarapa earthquake, 1855. Le tremblement de terre s'est produit sur la faille de Wairarapa qui fait partie du NIFS. Much of modern Wellington's central business district is formed from land raised from the harbour by the event, as shown by the series of "Shoreline 1840" plaques. Although the later Murchison and Napier earthquakes claimed more lives, neither created the geological upheaval wrought by the Wairarapa earthquake of 1855. The epicentre is estimated to have been within a zone extending 50 km northeast from Whanganui towards Taihape. [3] A group of dextral strike-slip structures, known as the Marlborough Fault System, transfer displacement between the mainly transform and convergent type plate boundaries in a complex zone at the northern end of the South Island. Les rapports identifient au moins quatre autres personnes (peut-être jusqu'à huit) comme étant mortes dans la campagne environnante lors du tremblement de terre. This was the first earthquake in New Zealand over magnitude 7 for which written records exist, and the first for which deaths were recorded. Subscribe via email: Privacy Policy No one died in either of the 1947 tsunamis, but the toll could have been high had they struck during summer holidays, when the beaches are crowded. However, single-storey wooden houses survived: although many were damaged by falling brick chimneys, or shifted on their foundations, few collapsed. The earthquake originated on the Wairarapa Fault and caused extensive faulting and uplift in epicentral areas. This fault zone accommodates up to 10 mm/yr of strike-slip displacement. The AIR Earthquake Model for New Zealand provides the most up-to-date and comprehensive view of earthquake risk and enables stakeholders to prepare for and mitigate potential future impacts. The 1855 Wairarapa earthquake occurred on 23 January at about 9 p.m., affecting much of the Cook Strait area of New Zealand, including Marlborough in the South Island and Wellington and Wairarapa in the North Island. On the evening of January 23, 1855, the British Admiralty survey ship Pandora was lying at anchor in Lambton […] The content of this field is kept private and will not be shown publicly. Des dégâts mineurs ont été enregistrés dans des endroits aussi éloignés que Lyttelton et Christchurch . What Canada’s New Seismic Hazard Model Means for Hazard and Risk. This earthquake was associated with the largest observed movement on a strike-slip fault, maximum 18 m. It has been suggested that the surface rupture formed by this event helped influence Charles Lyell to link earthquakes with rapid movement on faults. Wairarapa earthquake, 1855 On 23 Jan 1855 a magnitude 8.2 earthquake struck here, killing between 5-9 people in the Wairarapa and Wellington. In the South Island most of the relative displacement between these plates is taken up along a single dextral (right lateral) strike-slip fault with a major reverse component, the Alpine Fault. A horizontal displacement of up to 18 metres (59 ft) was accompanied by uplift and tilting of the Rimutaka Range on the northwestern side of the fault with vertical offsets of about 6 metres near the fault reducing to almost nothing on the western coast of the Wellington Peninsula. [7] Reports identify at least another four people (possibly as many as eight) as having died in the surrounding countryside during the earthquake. Le tremblement de terre Wairarapa 1855 a eu lieu le 23 Janvier à environ 21 heures, ce qui affecte une grande partie du détroit de Cook région de la Nouvelle - Zélande, dont Marlborough dans l' île du Sud et Wellington et Wairarapa dans l' île du Nord. This information can then be used to quantify the seismic hazard of an area. On 23 January 1855 the region was hit by the strongest earthquake recorded in New Zealand, which reached Magnitude 8.2 on the Richter Scale. Timber was the favored material for reconstruction following the 1855 event. On 23 January 1855 the region was hit by the strongest earthquake recorded in New Zealand, which reached Magnitude 8.2 on the Richter Scale. It seeks to understand which faults are responsible for seismic activity in an area by analysing a combination of regional tectonics, recent instrumentally recorded events, accounts of historical earthquakes and geomorphological evidence. Lower Hutt: Institute of Geological and Nuclear Sciences, 1995. It shows the intensity of shaking during the earthquake of 23 January 1855. The sparsely settled region of the Southern Alps shook for four minutes. The 1855 Wairarapa earthquake occurred on 23 January at about 9 p.m., affecting much of the Cook Strait area of New Zealand, including Marlborough in the South Island and Wellington and Wairarapa in the North Island. It forms part of the Marlborough Fault System, which accommodates the transfer of displacement along the oblique convergent boundary between the Indo-Australian Plate and Pacific Plate, from the transform Alpine Fault to the Hikurangi Trench subduction zone. This swarm of events, along with the more recent 2016 Mw7.8 Kaikoura earthquake, changed the perception of the region’s seismicity and revealed new data on faults and vulnerabilities. In Wellington, close to the epicenter, shaking lasted for at least 50 seconds. In Wellington, close to the epicenter, shaking lasted for at least 50 seconds. In early 1855 there was an earthquake in the centre of Cook Strait, thought to be of a magnitude of about 8.1-8.2, the largest in human memory. The moment magnitude of the earthquake has been estimated as 8.2, the most powerful recorded in New Zealand since systematic European colonisation began in 1840. To complete the registration process, please click the link in the email we just sent you. [5] Geomorphological evidence, particularly the uplifted beach ridges observed at Turakirae Head, appears to record three previous coseismic uplifts of the Rimutaka Range caused by earthquakes similar in magnitude to the 1855 event, with a recurrence interval of about 2200 years. The quake, estimated to have been about Mw 8.2, occurred at a centroid depth of 17.5 km following movement along ~140 km of the Wairarapa Fault (Figure 1). À Wellington, près de l' épicentre , l'agitation a duré au moins 50 secondes. Wellington, at the southern tip of North Island, was declared a city in 1840, one year after the first Europeans arrived to purchase land; the city was declared New Zealand’s capital in 1865. It was centred at a depth of 7 km (4.3 mi), about 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Christchurch, which had previously been devastated by a magnitude 6.2 MW earthquake in February 2011. The 1863 Hawke's Bay earthquake was a devastating magnitude 7.5 Mw earthquake that struck near the town of Waipukurau on 23 February 1863. It forms part of the Marlborough Fault System, which accommodates the transfer of displacement along the oblique convergent boundary between the Indo-Australian Plate and Pacific Plate, from the transform Alpine Fault to the Hikurangi Trench subduction zone. Here is the definition, explanation, description, or the meaning of each significant on which you need information, and a list of their associated concepts as a glossary. La Nouvelle-Zélande se situe le long de la frontière entre les plaques australienne et pacifique . 300 people died and thousands of homes and workplaces were wrecked, and some of the historical monuments and buildings including mosques … The earthquake occurred on the Wairarapa Fault which is part of the NIFS. The 1843 Whanganui earthquake occurred on 8 July at 16:45 local time with an estimated magnitude of 7.5 on the Mw scale. The aftershocks would continue for months. It remained the single largest earthquake to strike Hawke's Bay until 1931, where a magnitude 7.8 quake leveled much of Napier and Hastings and killed 256 people. The Hope Fault is an active dextral strike-slip fault in the northeastern part of South Island, New Zealand. Seven weeks later, a second earthquake struck offshore Tolaga Bay on 17 May, and was estimated to have been between 6.9–7.1 Mw . All the information was extracted from Wikipedia, and it's available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. From an intensity of 9 close to the epicentre in the Wairarapa, the isoseismal lines radiate outwards, recording the impact over much of central New Zealand. Google Play, Android and the Google Play logo are trademarks of Google Inc. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Alpine Fault, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Charles Lyell, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Christchurch, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Convergent boundary, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Cook Strait, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Fault (geology), 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Geomorphology, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Indo-Australian Plate, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Kermadec Trench, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and List of earthquakes in New Zealand, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and List of historical earthquakes, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and List of historical tsunamis, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Lyttelton, New Zealand, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Marlborough Fault System, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Marlborough Region, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Moment magnitude scale, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and New Zealand, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and North Island, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and North Island Fault System, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Pacific Plate, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Rimutaka Range, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and South Island, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Transform fault, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Turakirae Head, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Wairarapa Fault, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and Wellington Harbour, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and 1843 Wanganui earthquake, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and 1848 Marlborough earthquake, 1855 Wairarapa earthquake and 1888 North Canterbury earthquake, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1855_Wairarapa_earthquake, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Why Is a Moderate Earthquake in North Carolina Noteworthy? This item has been provided for private study purposes (such as school projects, family and local history research) and any published reproduction (print or electronic) may infringe copyright law. To learn more, read “Earthquake Risk in New Zealand: A Major Model Update”. The average slip rates in the fault's central region are about 38mm a year, very fast by global standards. For the first day after the main quake, as far away as New Plymouth an alm… | Trademarks. Significant earthquakes in the past decade have necessitated a reassessment of seismic risk in the country; however, the most powerful earthquake New Zealand has experienced in at least the last two centuries—the Wairarapa seismic event—struck 165 years ago on January 23, 1855. The city experienced a series of earthquakes in 1848, including an M7.0 quake that caused major damage to brick and stone structures, including many homes, churches, the jail, and the Colonial Hospital. The 1855 Wairarapa earthquake occurred on the Wairarapa Fault to the north and east of Wellington. The … To the east of the Ruahine Ranges is the Wairarapa-Masterton Basin, then the Eastern Uplands that border the eastern coast of the North Island from Cape Palliser to Napier.
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